Miriam Makeba Biography – Miriam Makeba, affectionately known as Mama Africa, was a celebrated South African singer, songwriter, actress, and civil rights activist. With a career that spanned several decades, Makeba made significant contributions to music and activism, particularly in the fight against apartheid in South Africa. This biography explores her life, career, family, and the circumstances surrounding her death.
Miriam Makeba Biography
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Zenzile Miriam Makeba |
| Birth Date | 4 March 1932 |
| Death Date | 9 November 2008 |
| Age at Death | 76 years |
| Cause of Death | Heart attack |
| Children | Bongi Makeba |
| Nickname | Mama Africa |
| Notable Associations | Harry Belafonte, Hugh Masekela, Black Panther Party |
| Genres | Afropop, Jazz, World Music |
Early Life and Career
Born on March 4, 1932, in Johannesburg, South Africa, Miriam Makeba faced many challenges early in life. Her father passed away when she was young, and she had to work from an early age to support her family. Despite these hardships, her vocal talent was evident from a young age, and she began singing professionally in the 1950s.
Makeba initially performed with groups such as the Cuban Brothers, the Manhattan Brothers, and the Skylarks. Her music blended jazz, traditional African melodies, and Western popular music. In 1959, her role in the anti-apartheid film “Come Back, Africa” brought her international recognition, leading to performances in Venice, London, and New York City.
Rise to Fame
In New York, Makeba met American singer Harry Belafonte, who became a mentor and collaborator. She quickly gained popularity and released her first solo album in 1960. However, her attempt to return to South Africa for her mother’s funeral that year was blocked by the government, marking the beginning of her exile.
Makeba’s career flourished in the United States, and she became a prominent voice against apartheid. Her 1967 song “Pata Pata” became a hit, and in 1965, she and Belafonte won a Grammy Award for their album “An Evening with Belafonte/Makeba.” This achievement made her the first African artist to win a Grammy.
Activism and Exile
Makeba’s outspoken stance against apartheid led to her testifying at the United Nations. Her marriage to Stokely Carmichael, a leader of the Black Panther Party, in 1968 caused controversy and led to her losing support among some American audiences. The U.S. government revoked her visa, forcing her and Carmichael to relocate to Guinea.
In Guinea, Makeba continued to perform, especially in African countries. She recorded music that was critical of apartheid, including the song “Soweto Blues,” which addressed the Soweto uprising. After the end of apartheid in 1990, Makeba returned to South Africa, continuing her music career and activism.
Miriam Makeba Family
Makeba’s personal life included several marriages, with her marriage to Hugh Masekela and later to Stokely Carmichael being the most notable. She had one child, Bongi Makeba, who also pursued a career in music.
Miriam Makeba Cause of Death
Miriam Makeba died of a heart attack on November 9, 2008, during a concert in Italy. She was 76 years old at the time of her death. Her passing was mourned worldwide, with Nelson Mandela noting that her music inspired hope in many.
Legacy
Miriam Makeba was among the first African musicians to achieve global recognition, bringing African music to international audiences and popularizing genres such as Afropop and world music. She was a symbol of resistance against apartheid and a style icon. Her music, including songs critical of apartheid, resonated with many and solidified her place as a key figure in the fight for civil rights.
FAQs
Who is Miriam Makeba?
Miriam Makeba was a South African singer, songwriter, actress, and civil rights activist known for her fight against apartheid and her contributions to music.
How did Miriam Makeba die?
Miriam Makeba died of a heart attack during a concert in Italy on November 9, 2008.
Why was Miriam Makeba exiled?
Miriam Makeba was exiled from South Africa due to her outspoken opposition to apartheid. Her passport was revoked, preventing her from returning to her home country.
Was Miriam Makeba married to Harry Belafonte?
No, Miriam Makeba was not married to Harry Belafonte. They collaborated professionally and won a Grammy together, but they were never married.
How old was Miriam Makeba when she died?
Miriam Makeba was 76 years old when she died.
Did Miriam Makeba have any children?
Yes, Miriam Makeba had one child, a daughter named Bongi Makeba.
Conclusion
Miriam Makeba’s life was a testament to her resilience, talent, and commitment to justice. As a pioneering African musician and activist, she left an indelible mark on the world. Her legacy continues to inspire future generations in both music and the fight for human rights.
